In order to combine the digital audio watermark technology with the audio content, because of the stability of the fundamental frequency of the human voice and musical instruments, this paper designed a robust audio zero-watermarking method based on the fundamental frequency of music. Firstly, the normalized subharmonic summation algorithm extracted the fundamental frequency from each frame of the audio signal. Then, the K-means algorithm encoded the extracted fundamental frequencies so as to further improve the stability of the feature. Finally, the encoded fundamental frequencies XOR with the watermark image to generate a zero watermark sequence. Besides, when the audio is maliciously tampered, it can get the inconsistent part of the audio signal by comparing the fundamental frequency information contained in the zero watermark sequence. At the inconsistent section, the algorithm can detect the maliciously tampered area. The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm has good robustness against common attacks and jitter attacks, and the results also prove that the algorithm can detect and locate the tampering.

[2019-02-05] Printed Article /doc/2017.11.0942/v2